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Archive for March 2010

ScienceDaily (Mar. 15, 2010) ? A large study from Children’s Hospital Boston and the Boston-based Autism Consortium finds that a genetic test that samples the entire genome, known as chromosomal microarray analysis, has about three times the detection rate for genetic changes related to autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) than standard tests.

Publishing in the April issue of Pediatrics (and online March 15), the authors urge that CMA become part of the first-line genetic work-up for ASDs.

Expectant parents who have family members with ASDs, as well as families who already have an affected child, often request genetic testing. However, there is still only limited knowledge about actual causative genes. The currently recommended tests (karyotyping to look for chromosomal abnormalities and testing for Fragile X, the single largest known genetic cause of ASDs) often come up negative. Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) is a genome-wide assay that examines the chromosomes for tiny, sub-microscopic deletions or duplications of DNA sequences, known as copy-number variants.

CMA offers about 100-fold greater resolution than standard karyotyping. However, since it is new, it is often considered a second-tier test. Depending on where a person lives, or what insurance they have, CMA may not be covered by health insurance. “Based on our findings, CMA should be considered as part of the initial clinical diagnostic evaluation of patients with ASDs,” says Bai-Lin Wu, PhD, Director of Children’s DNA Diagnostic Lab in the Department of Laboratory Medicine, which has offered CMA to families since 2006.

The research team, led by co-senior authors Wu (heading the Children’s team), and David Miller, MD, PhD, of Children’s Division of Genetics and Department of Laboratory Medicine (heading the Autism Consortium team), assessed the diagnostic value of CMA in the largest cohort to date — 933 patients with a clinical diagnosis of ASD (by DSM-IV-TR criteria) who received clinical genetic testing in 2006, 2007 and 2008.

Half were Children’s patients who had their samples submitted to the hospital’s DNA Diagnostic Laboratory, and the others were recruited through the Autism Consortium, a research and clinical collaboration of five Boston-area medical centers. Nearly half of the patients were diagnosed with autistic disorder, nearly half with PDD-NOS (pervasive developmental disorder — not otherwise specified) and about 3 percent with Asperger disorder. Ages ranged from 13 months to 22 years.

Testing included the two currently used tests (G-banded karyotype and fragile X), as well as CMA. When the researchers compared the tests’ diagnostic yield, they found:

  • Karyotyping yielded abnormal results in 2.23 percent of patients
  • Fragile X testing was abnormal in 0.46 percent
  • CMA results were judged to be abnormal in 7.3 percent of patients when the entire length of the chromosomes (the whole genome) was sampled.

Extrapolating from these results, the researchers estimate that without CMA, genetic diagnosis will be missed in at least 5 percent of ASD cases. CMA performed best in certain subgroups, such as girls with autistic disorder, and past studies indicate that it also has a higher yield in patients with intellectual disability (who constituted only 12 percent of this sample).

“CMA clearly detects more abnormalities than other genetic tests that have been the standard of care for many years,” says Miller. “We’re hoping this evidence will convince insurance companies to cover this testing universally.”

In all, roughly 15 percent of people with autism have a known genetic cause. Establishing a clear genetic diagnosis helps families obtain early intervention and services for autism, and helps parents predict the possibility of having another child with autism.

In addition, by pinpointing bits of chromosomes that are deleted or duplicated, CMA can help researchers zero in on specific causative genes within that stretch of DNA. They can also begin to classify patients according to the type of deletion or duplication they have, and try to find specific treatment approaches for each sub-type of autism.

“Just in the last two years, a number of studies have revealed the clinical importance of ever smaller chromosome deletions and duplications found with advanced microarray technology,” says Wu. “These new, highly-efficient tests can help in the evaluation or confirmation of autism spectrum disorders and other developmental disorders, leading to early diagnosis and intervention and a significantly improved developmental outcome.”

Two known chromosome locations — on chromosome 16 (16p11.2) and chromosome 15 (15q13.2q13.3) accounted for 17 percent of abnormal CMA findings. Both chromosome abnormalities were initially linked with ASDs by Children’s Hospital Boston and collaborators in The New England Journal of Medicine and the Journal of Medical Genetics, respectively, in 2008. Children’s now offers specific tests targeting both of these “hot spots.”

However, the researchers note that most copy-number changes were unique or identified in only a small number of patients, so their implications need further study. Many of them are presumed to be related to ASDs because they involve important genes, cover a large region of the chromosome, or because the child is the first person in that family to have the change.

“Some deletions and duplications are rare and specific to one individual or one family,” says Miller. “Learning about them is going to be an evolving process. There won’t be one single test that finds all genetic changes related to autism, until we completely understand the entire genome.”

The paper’s co-first authors were Autism Consortium members Yiping Shen, PhD, of Children’s Department of Laboratory Medicine and the Center for Human Genetic Research at Massachusetts General Hospital, and Kira Dies, ScM, LGC, of the Family Research Network of the Autism Consortium and Children’s Multi-Disciplinary Tuberous Sclerosis Program. A number of specialists from Children’s Departments of Neurology, Developmental Medicine and Clinical Genetics and physicians from other medical centers in greater Boston were also authors on the study. The research was supported by the Nancy Lurie Marks Family Foundation, the Simons Foundation, Autism Speaks and the National Institutes of Health.

Families interested in scheduling an appointment at Children’s may call the Developmental Medicine Center (617-355-7025) or the Department of Neurology (617-355-2711).


Story Source:

Adapted from materials provided by Children’s Hospital Boston.


Journal Reference:

  1. Shen et al. Clinical genetic testing for patients with autism spectrum disorders. Pediatrics, 2010; 125 (4): e1-e17 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2009-1684

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

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By Susan Okie | The Washington Post

I opened Judith Warner’s new book with a certain dread, fearing that I would have to slog through yet another polemic about the overuse of stimulants and other psychiatric drugs in America’s children. Instead, I found a refreshing surprise: a confession by the author that she had indeed gotten a book contract and embarked on her research with that mindset, only to change her views after talking with the parents of mentally ill children. “I was erecting a whole intellectual edifice based on ignorance,” admits Warner, who writes frequently for the New York Times and is also the author of “Perfect Madness: Motherhood in the Age of Anxiety.”

Nowhere did Warner encounter mothers or fathers eager to medicate healthy kids for trivial reasons. Instead, she found parents struggling to find and afford decent treatment for children disabled by their symptoms or their behavior, parents who had turned to psychiatric medicines only out of desperation — and a society that persists in stigmatizing mental illness, blames parents when kids are affected, and has done far too little to ensure that such kids can get access to treatments that have been shown to work.

Instead of an epidemic of over-treatment, Warner describes an epidemic of under-treatment of children with mental illness. “Five percent of kids in America take psychotropic drugs,” she writes — stimulants, antidepressants or other psychiatric medications — while “five to 20 percent have psychiatric issues.” (The lower fraction represents those who are extremely impaired, and the higher one includes those with at least minimal impairment.) Among the disadvantaged, the majority of mentally ill children receive no treatment at all, while many others are prescribed drugs or combinations that are inappropriate for their problems. Warner’s stories attest that even belonging to a rich, well-educated family with health insurance is no guarantee that a child with autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or depression will be properly diagnosed and treated.

But what about the startling numbers: a tripling since the 1990s in the number of U.S. children receiving mental health diagnoses, a recent government estimate that 8 percent of children have ADHD, a 3,500 percent increase between 1991 and 2006 in the number of kids identified as autistic in special education programs? Aren’t they evidence of over-diagnosis? Warner argues, convincingly in my view, that much of the increase in such diagnoses is explained by better recognition and understanding of children’s behavioral and emotional symptoms, as well as the development of effective treatments for disorders like ADHD, depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder, and of special educational strategies and services for children with autism and dyslexia.

Children who a generation ago might have been written off as “weird” or “bad” or “retarded” now have much to gain from being evaluated by a mental health professional, so families are more likely to seek help. Diagnostic baskets have also undeniably gotten bigger: There is now a spectrum of autism disorders, and the prevalence of ADHD nearly doubled after psychiatrists expanded the diagnosis to include kids who, while not hyperactive, are so inattentive that they can’t focus on schoolwork or other activities. In addition, there may well be a true increase in the frequency of disorders such as depression, anxiety and autism in children — but to confirm and measure such an increase, we’d need evidence from serial population-wide studies that asked the same questions and used the same definitions over decades, and such studies don’t exist.

Warner traces the roots of anti-psychiatry sentiment in the United States back to the social rebellion of the 1960s, but she puts the blame for stoking public distrust on the actions of some practitioners — and especially on recent revelations of prominent psychiatrists’ financial ties with the pharmaceutical industry. She condemns the dangerous, unapproved use of certain antipsychotic drugs in children and the Food and Drug Administration’s slowness to act on evidence that some antidepressants increase the risk of suicide in teenagers.

But she is even more concerned about the damage done to children through failure to recognize and treat mental illness. Untreated kids with ADHD are more likely than other children to drop out of school, to have no friends, to engage in antisocial behavior and to use illicit drugs. Children with autism who don’t receive appropriate treatment and interventions are far less likely to live independently as adults than those who do. Failure to recognize and treat anxiety or depression in kids may place them at higher risk for far more serious episodes of depression later.

Interweaving stories of children and families with scientific information and well-researched arguments, Warner makes a compelling case that as a society we should do much more to make mentally ill kids feel better. Among her prescriptions: better insurance coverage (including coverage of non-drug treatments like cognitive behavioral therapy), more financial support for mental health services, an increase in the number of trained child psychiatrists, a research agenda that will speed identification of the most effective psychiatric medications in children, and quality control to reduce the frequency of inappropriate diagnosis and substandard treatment. Perhaps more than anything, she has come to believe, families of kids with “issues” need love and support from the doctor treating their mentally ill child. “The idea is almost laughable, really,” she writes. “But it shouldn’t have to be.”

Source: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/03/12/AR2010031201806.html

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Poul Thorsen had workedat Drexel forseveral months.

Accusations over funds stir those who reject that there is no vaccine link to the disorder.

By Josh Goldstein | Philadelphia Inquirer

A Danish scientist involved in two major studies that debunked any linkage of vaccines to autism is suspected of misappropriating $2 million in U.S. grants at his university in Denmark.

Poul Thorsen, a medical doctor and Ph.D., was an adjunct professor at the Drexel University School of Public Health for several months before resigning Tuesday.

On Jan. 22, Aarhus University said that it had uncovered a “considerable shortfall” in grant money from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for a research program that Thorsen had directed. The university referred the matter to police, who are conducting an investigation.

Anti-vaccine groups have seized on the allegations to contend that scientific studies disproving the vaccine link to autism are wrong. Those groups have long argued that thimerosal, a preservative in some vaccines, can cause autism, as can the MMR vaccine for measles, mumps, and rubella.

“I think it is quite significant,” said Dan Olmsted of the Age of Autism. “I think someone allegedly capable of ripping off his own university by forging documents from the CDC is capable of pulling off anything.”

The CDC and coauthors of the two studies published in major U.S. medical journals maintain the studies remain valid.

“CDC is aware of the allegations by Aarhus University against Poul Thorsen,” agency spokesman Tom Skinner said in a statement. Federal authorities are investigating.

Skinner noted that Thorsen was one of many coauthors on peer-reviewed studies looking at autism, cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, and alcohol use in pregnancy.

“We have no reason to suspect that there are any issues related to the integrity of the science,” Skinner said.

Efforts to reach Thorsen for comment by phone and e-mail this week were unsuccessful.

In a statement, Drexel University said that Thorsen was an adjunct at its School of Public Health from Dec. 11 until “he resigned his appointment with the school of public health on March 9, 2010.”

Drexel’s statement noted that his role was limited to serving as a member of the thesis committee of one doctoral student.

“To our knowledge, Dr. Thorsen has performed no other work directly connected to Drexel while holding a title at Drexel University,” the statement said.

In 2002, Thorsen was the sixth named author of a study published in the New England Journal of Medicine that analyzed whether where is a connection between the MMR vaccine and autism by examining 537,303 children born in Denmark from 1991 through 1998.

The researchers concluded that their data provided “strong evidence” that there is no link.

“Poul Thorsen had absolutely no influence on the conclusions regarding this paper,” wrote Mads Melbye, head of the division of epidemiology at the Statens Serum Institut in Copenhagen and senior author of the study, in response to e-mailed questions.

“Thorsen was not actively involved in the analysis and interpretation of the results of this paper,” Melbye said.

The second study, published in Pediatrics in 2003, examined 956 Danish children diagnosed with autism from 1971 to 2000. It concluded the incidence of autism increased in Denmark after thimerosal was removed from vaccines.

Kreesten Meldgaard Madsen, the lead author, said Thorsen played a minor role.

“Dr. Thorsen was not in a position to change or compromise the data,” Madsen wrote. “Dr. Thorsen was part of the review cycle, but never very active in giving input. Dr. Thorsen never had access to the raw data nor the analysis of the data.”

Others, such as Paul Offit, director of the Vaccine Education Center at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and a vocal opponent of the anti-vaccine groups, said even if the allegation against Thorsen is true, it does not mean his science is bad.

“Let’s assume it is true that he embezzled money,” Offit said. “The notion that it casts the science into question is false. For these big epidemiological studies, it is hard to believe that one person could effectively change the data.”

Offit pointed out that a dozen major studies show no link between MMR and autism and at least a half dozen say the same about thimerosal, which contains mercury.

But the Internet was afire over the allegations.

“Questions about Thorsen’s scientific integrity may finally force CDC to rethink the vaccine protocols since most of the other key pro-vaccine studies cited by CDC rely on the findings of Thorsen’s research group,” Robert F. Kennedy Jr. wrote on the Huffington Post. “The validity of all these studies is now in question.”

In its statement, Aarhus University said the Danish Agency for Science, Technology, and Innovation (DASTI) has gotten grants from the U.S. National Center for Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities since 2001. Thorsen directed the administration of the grants, the university said.

After discovering that money was missing, DASTI and Aarhus “became aware of two alleged CDC funding documents as well as a letter regarding funding commitments allegedly written by Randolph B. Williams of the CDC’s procurement grants office. . . .”

“Upon investigation by CDC, a suspicion arose that those documents are forgeries.”

The university’s statement goes on to say that in March 2009, Thorsen resigned from its faculty.

Last month, the Copenhagen Post Online reported on the issue without naming Thorsen. The paper pegged the shortfall at 80 million kroner, about $2 million.

In Atlanta, where Thorsen is thought to live, Emory University said he began working there Sept. 1, 2003, as a part-time adjunct professor in its School of Public Health. Emory said that from April 2008 to June 2009, Thorsen “served as a full-time research professor. He is no longer employed at Emory.”

“It is a sad story,” wrote Melbye of the Statens Serum Institut in an e-mail. “We are all here with one big question: What has happened and why?”

Source: http://www.philly.com/philly/news/homepage/87437502.html

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Shawn Olson Brown gives a presentation on autism and the legal aspects that affect schools in offering services to diagnosed students. (Photo by: Nick Lovejoy)

By Melissa Flores | Pinnacle Online

County Office of Ed hosts training workshops for teachers, administrators and parents

The San Benito County Office of Education Special Education Local Plan Area hosted the first of six full-day workshops last week for teachers, administrators and parents who work with children who have an autism spectrum disorder.

The workshops cover a wide area of topics from trends in state and national standards regarding autism education to classroom management to a list of established practices for working with students with an autism spectrum disorder. ASD includes autism, Asperger’s syndrome and pervasive development disorder, not otherwise specified.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1 in 110 children born in 1998 was diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder by 2006.

“More people than ever before are being diagnosed with an ASD,” according to a page on the CDC Web site. “It is unclear how much of this increase is due to a broader definition of ASDs and better efforts in diagnosis. However, a true increase in the number of people with an ASD cannot be ruled out. We believe the increase in ASD is possibly due to a combination of these factors.”

One thing that is clear is that the need for teachers, administrators and parents to understand how to work with autistic children is increasing as the number of diagnoses goes up.

According to the California Department of Special Education, in 2008-09, more than 53,000 students ages 3 to 22 were receiving services for autism. That is up from 20,000 in 2002.

Training for teachers

Ann England, the assistant director of the Diagnostic Center in Northern California, presented information about the evolution of state and national standards, research on established practices and some background on working with children who are diagnosed with ASD.

The Diagnostic Center, of Northern California, in Fremont services 35 counties and 500 school districts by offering free training, workshops such as the March 4 meeting and diagnosing children.

England served on the California Legislative Bleu Ribbon Commission on Autism and is a consultant to the California Superintendent’s Autism Advisory Committee.

“Parents went and said [the state] was not doing enough for autism,” she said. “So they created the task force to document what is the problem and what should we know about it. And what public policy should change or be added to deal with the problem. And it can’t cost any money.”

One of the major problems identified by the blue-ribbon commission was that parents of younger children were getting plenty of services, but once the students enrolled in public schools full-time they had to undergo another assessment by the schools so services were interrupted. The recommendation is to have the regional diagnostic centers work more closely with the schools so that an additional assessment is not needed.

Another recommendation was for teachers working with children who have ASD to get a moderate to sever credential to better equip them to deal handle students with a wide variety of behaviors.

“We all know now we have kids with a broad spectrum from mild to moderate in the classroom,” England said. “Teachers say they don’t have the training.”

Legislators approved the credential requirement, and teachers who have a student with ASD in the classroom have three years to complete the 12-14 units to be a qualified teacher. It was announced in October and England said, “That clock is ticking now.”

“We are starting to look at a way to satisfy those requirements,” said Chris Lompa, a program specialist with San Benito County’s SELPA.

England is also working as a trainer at the National Professional Development Center on ASD-Interagency Autism Planning Group at the University of California, Davis MIND Institute, which will be creating model programs for students with ASD in Folsom-Cordova. Teachers and administrators from other sites will be able to visit the model programs to learn what they can do in their own districts.

“To take that stuff and implement it in your classroom with real students is hard,” England said.

Early diagnosis

England said that searching for information on autism can be a bit overwhelming.

“2,220,000 results come up when you google autism treatment,” she said. “I’m going to funnel it down for you.”

One of the issues with autism is that scientists are still not clear on what causes the developmental disorders, which can include communication and social deficits as well as fixated interests and repetitive behaviors.

“Most studies suggest a genetic link,” England said. “And males are four to five times more likely to have it.”

One thing that most experts agree on is that early identification and intervention improves outcomes for children.

“Usually by age 3? parents can tell that something is a little different, but the median age of diagnosis is 4 1/2 to 5 1/2 years old. Medical professionals involved in state planning suggested that pediatricians do a check at 12 months and 18 months.

England said the early diagnosis will be classified as provisional and the children will be seen every six months.

“Kids are unique,” she said. “They may have a cognitive impairment. They may have Fragile X. Parents talk about the early years, and feeling jerked around.”

She said the best diagnosis is one that includes the collaboration of a variety of experts such as a psychologist, a speech pathologist, neurologist and others. The child should be observed in an unstructured environment with peers as well as in a structured environment. There also need to be extensive interviews with parents.

As many as 40 percent of children with autism do not talk. Some have cognitive impairments as well.

“No single intervention or approach has proven to be effective for every individual with ASD,” England said.

Established treatments

The National Autism Center released the National Standards Report in Sept. 2009, in which they reviewed more than 775 published research studies for people with autism under the age of 22. The team looked at the methods for the study, how many individuals were studied and whether or not other studies were able to replicate the finding.

In the end, they came up with 11 established treatments, 22 emerging treatments that need more research and five unestablished treatments.

“The bottom line is it was good research that was replicated and had beneficial results,” said England, of the established treatments.

Some of the practices that have been found to work include using schedules with the students, modeling, pivotal response treatment and self-management.

She also stressed that teachers, administrators and parents can download a copy of the National Standards Project, which includes easy to understand summaries of each intervention that will show what deficits are addressed, with which age group the intervention is most beneficial and what whether it is best used with children with mild to severe autism. England said the report also includes information about the studies cited and she encouraged people to go back to the original studies.

Her key advice to those present was simple:

“Don’t fight the autism.”


Local teachers, administrators and parents listen to a presentation on autism at the Hollister School District Office. The San Benito County Office of Education is sponsoring full-day workshops in March for those working with autistic children. (Photo by: Nick Lovejoy)

Source: http://www.pinnaclenews.com/news/contentview.asp?c=267019

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* Ruling is the fourth against autism claims
* Court says mercury preservative did not cause autism

By Maggie Fox, Health and Science Editor | Reuters

WASHINGTON, March 12 (Reuters) – Vaccines that contain a mercury-based preservative called thimerosal cannot cause autism on their own, a special U.S. court ruled on Friday, dealing one more blow to parents seeking to blame vaccines for their children’s illness.

The special U.S. Court of Federal Claims ruled that vaccines could not have caused the autism of an Oregon boy, William Mead, ending his family’s quest for reimbursement.

“The Meads believe that thimerosal-containing vaccines caused William’s regressive autism. As explained below, the undersigned finds that the Meads have not presented a scientifically sound theory,” Special Master George Hastings, a former tax claims expert at the Department of Justice, wrote in his ruling.

The Meads had filed a civil lawsuit in Oregon state court against a number of pharmaceutical companies alleging that the thimerosal additive in many pediatric vaccines significantly contributed to the development of William’s autism, Hastings wrote.

While the state court determined the autism was vaccine-related, Hastings said overwhelming medical evidence showed otherwise. The theory presented by the Meads and experts who testified on their behalf “was biologically implausible and scientifically unsupported”, Hasting wrote.

In February 2009, the court ruled against three families who claimed vaccines caused their children’s autism, saying they had been “misled by physicians who are guilty, in my view, of gross medical misjudgment”.

The families sought payment under the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program, a no-fault system that has a $2.5 billion fund built up from a 75-cent-per-dose tax on vaccines.

Instead of judges, three “special masters” heard the three test cases representing thousands of other petitioners.

They asked whether a combination vaccine for measles, mumps and rubella, or MMR, plus a mercury-containing preservative called thimerosal, caused the children’s symptoms.

MYSTERIOUS CONDITION

More than 5,300 cases were filed by parents who believed vaccines may have caused autism in their children. The no-fault payout system is meant to protect vaccine makers from costly lawsuits that drove many out of the vaccine-making business.

Autism is a mysterious condition that affects as many as one in 110 U.S. children. The so-called spectrum ranges from mild Asperger’s Syndrome to severe mental retardation and social disability, and there is no cure or good treatment.

The U.S. Institute of Medicine has reported several times that no link can be found between vaccines and autism.

In a separate matter, the U.S. Supreme Court said earlier this month it would decide whether a federal law protects vaccine manufacturers from lawsuits in state court seeking damages for alleged design defects.

The high court agreed to hear a Pennsylvania case involving a lawsuit by the parents of a child who suffered seizures after her third dose of a diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine. They sued the vaccine manufacturer, Wyeth, which Pfizer Inc (PFE.N) purchased last year.

(Editing by Philip Barbara)

Source: http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1216133220100312

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Happy talk … Donna can now have normal conversations with Neil | Northscot Press Agency

By Stuart Patterson | The Scottish

DEVOTED mum Donna Morrison was devastated when doctors warned that her autistic son would never be able to speak… but she refused to give up hope.

And after battling for ten years, her heart now swells with pride every night when little Neil looks up and tells her he loves her.

Donna, 40, raised thousands to send her boy to America for revolutionary treatment.

She simply couldn’t accept that her little lad would never utter a word. And the proof that he’s defied the odds comes when she puts the ten-year-old to bed.

Donna smiled: “It’s worth a million dollars when he says he loves me every night.

“I couldn’t believe it the first time I heard him say it – I wanted to tell everyone.

“It pulls at my heartstrings because the diagnosis when he was young was so grim.

“It’s absolutely amazing to think how far he’s come.”

Donna, from Fraserburgh in Aberdeenshire, knew something was seriously wrong when Neil was a baby as he rarely cried and slept all the time.

Medics diagnosed a severe form of autism and said that if he didn’t talk by the age of three he never would.

Donna recalled: “He wasn’t like a normal baby at all.

“It was so sad because there was no interaction with him.”

Neil still hadn’t spoken by the time he turned three – but his mum saw his silence as a challenge rather than a certainty.

She began researching the condition and decided to quit her job so she could focus on him.

Donna then changed his diet and found out about groundbreaking therapies that could help Neil escape from his silent world.

She said: “There was no way I could live with what the doctors were saying. It’s devastating for a parent to be told that.

“You want your child to be normal, to talk to you and to play with other kids.

“To be flat out told that is never going to happen is just horrible.

“I couldn’t just write Neil off like that – I couldn’t believe that he was an impossible case.”

After trawling the internet and talking to other parents, as well as autism experts, Donna realised that the medics could have got the prognosis wrong. She explained: “You can’t say what a human being will or won’t do… you don’t know what someone is capable of.”

Donna and Neil’s father Des managed to raise ?12,000 to send the youngster to the Autism Treatment Centre in Massachusetts for a week.

He began a course of pioneering therapy that would change his life.

The treatment helped Neil to start making eye contact and was geared towards helping him say his first word.

Donna travelled with him to America and was trained on how to continue the treatment when they got home. With the help of three volunteers she created a special school in a Portakabin – where Neil was the only pupil.

She said: “The slightest thing distracts Neil. A car going by the window is enough to take his attention away.

“So the Portakabin was the best place to start getting him to focus on communicating with others.

“It wasn’t easy, but once I started there was no way I was going to stop.”

Donna’s classes concentrated on breaking into Neil’s own little world and forcing him to talk. She would put his beloved toys up on shelves – meaning he would have to ask for them to be taken down. On other occasions she would blow bubbles then stop.

Donna said: “If he wanted more bubbles then he would have to ask for more. Very slowly he started making noises which led to words.

“The first time I heard him talk I was just ecstatic – he had proved everyone wrong and it was the best feeling in the world.”

Neil has now defied everyone’s expectations and Donna feels able to send him to school. And she has returned to work as a classroom assistant.

Donna added: “He talks all the time – we can’t get him to stop.

“He tells me all about his day at school, what he would like to watch on the TV. Every day he takes me by surprise.”

But the ultimate reward comes for Donna when she puts Neil to bed, tells him he loves him, and he replies: “I love you too, Mummy.”

Donna said: “Whenever he says it my eyes well up. It’s hard to put into words how happy him saying that makes me feel.

“It makes all the hard work and all the struggles we’ve had over the years worthwhile.”


Groundbreaking … Donna and Neil at US autism treatment centre | Northscot Press Agency

Source: http://www.thesun.co.uk/scotsol/homepage/scotlandfeatures/2885943/Mum-Donna-Morrison-tells-of-joy-after-autistic-son-Neil-learns-to-speak.html

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The Education Department says the area is never locked and students are supervised at all times (Photo: ABC News)

By Lisa Martin | AAP

A SYDNEY primary school that pens children with autism in a fenced area at lunchtimes should be investigated for human rights violations, the New South Wales Opposition says.

Parents with children at Seven Hills West Public School are angry that pupils with special needs are placed inside a fenced enclosure that has one tree, a bench and a dirt floor.

But the NSW Department of Education has defended the enclosure, saying it is used for new students with disabilities if they require more intense supervision while they adjust to school.

The school has 52 students with special needs.

But Coalition disability spokesman Andrew Constance said the treatment of children with autism at the school was inhumane and called for the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission to investigate.

“To see the type of facility which autistic children are being penned in is outrageous,” he said.

“I’ve seen cattle yards in better condition.

“You cannot treat children with autism in this way.

“I think it is in breach of every anti-discrimination act in the country.”

The Department of Education said in a statement the enclosure was set up after parents raised safety issues.

“The school is located on a busy road. Without this area, the students may leave the school grounds and could potentially be injured,” the department said.

“Some of these children have no sense of boundaries and do not respond to staff asking them to stop.

“Once the school is satisfied a student will listen to directions from staff members and is also aware of playground boundaries, the child can use the playground.”

The department said any student in the school could use this area if they chose.

“The area is never locked and students are supervised by a school learning support officer at all times,” it added.

“Students are actively engaged in play and can leave the area to use other school facilities like the library.”

In 2008, a number of parents of the students with disabilities raised safety issues with the school about their children leaving the school grounds.

“This fenced off area was created as a result of these concerns,” the department said.

Source: http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/national/outrage-over-seven-hills-west-public-school-putting-autistic-kids-in-cage/story-e6frf7l6-1225839691640

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By Alison Rose Levy | Huffington Post

There’s an experiment going on right now-but it isn’t being conducted by scientists. It’s being conducted by parents. In 30 million kitchens across the U.S. that experiment is called “What Can My Child Eat?” In families with children with autism and allergies, the result of that experiment can either be a day of relative calm and comfort, or it can produce anything from brain fog, digestive discomfort, and mood swings, to pain, seizures, skin outbreaks, and severe digestive distress.

While the debate continues as to whether or not laboratory scientists have successfully isolated a single one of the many factors that a growing numnber of doctors say may contribute to autism, families still have to cope and they still have to feed their children. Citing the conservative statistics of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) pediatrician, Dr. Kenneth Bock, reported that one in 100 children (one in 48 boys) have autism-although just two years ago it was one in 150. One in 16 children has ADHD, one in 11 has asthma, and one in four has allergies. A staggering one third of all children are affected Bock told the group gathered for “Food Solutions: Managing Autism, ADHD, Asthma, and Allergies,” held at New York’s Urban Zen Center.

Children (and adults) with allergies (and food sensitivities) react to many common foods and food ingredients that other people don’t react to. As doctors like Bock tell it, a child with autism is by definition a child with an overwhelmed immune system, an impaired gut, a higher presence of microbes, candida, and toxins, and many food sensitivities and intolerances. Gut issues are directly linked to issues with attention and focus, so that a child with food sensitivities will also likely be a child who experiences symptoms anywhere from the withdrawal or lack of speech seen in autism to the brain fog, hyperactivity, and/or difficulty in focus seen in children with attention deficit disorder (ADD).

According to Stephen Cowan, MD, a pediatrician in Westchester, N.Y., who also spoke at Food Solutions, “The gut and the brain are not two separate things. They are interconnected.”

Referring to “leaky gut” a condition common in the so-called “spectrum” kids, in which an impaired barrier of cells lining the intestines allow poorly digested food molecules to enter the bloodstream where they can trigger allergic and other reactions. Cowan said that “a leaky gut is like a leaky mind, you can’t digest things and you can’t retain things that you need to retain.”

When parents bring their children into his office for a consultation, Cowan reports that “I can often predict that the child’s favorite foods are pizza and macaroni and cheese”- and these are the same foods that children are most allergic to. According to Bock, gluten, the main protein contained in wheat and other grains, can trigger immune reactions, while casein, a peptide in dairy can break down internally to produce an opioid effect — such that children are literally drugged by food.

That’s why the mainstay of parents trying to nourish their immune-challenged children is the Gluten Free Casein Free Diet (GFCF) as well as the Specific Carbohydrate Diet (SCD).

Glucose, present in high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is yet another no-no since it can feed yeast (which worsens gut issues) and contribute to mood swings due to the abrupt rise and fall of glucose in the bloodstream. Moreover, mercury is used to make HFCS which is present in many processed foods, including sodas, juices, yogurt, and ketchup. While some studies question whether mercury in vaccines is a key trigger for autism, according to Bock, “a range of environmental factors contribute, Studies correlated closer proximity to power plants with mercury emissions with increasing rates of autism.” HFCS is also addictive, and aggressively marketed by food and beverage companies, who according to Cowan, spend $10 billion a year.

In this nationwide lab experiment in which food suppliers push unhealthy food items, while the public naively believes that government regulators protect them, “we’re lab rats,” Cowan points out. “Studies show that when you try HFCS, you can’t get enough of it, you want more and more and more. It releases chemicals, it’s just like you pressed a button.” Yet instead of acting on a national level to curb unhealthy foods, “we blame the victim,” says Cowan.

All too often the victims are children.

Transitioning children from harmful foods to which they’re addicted to healthier ones is a challenge borne by parents. That’s why at Food Solutions, dietician Amanda Archibald and nutritionist Stefanie Sacks introduced a range of healthier options. Although healthy vegetables topped the list, the nutritional team also offered samples of favorite products (rice milk and a dairy and wheat free Mac and Cheese) so parents know what to look for. Simple recipes that participants teamed up to prepare offered easy and nourishing ways to ease food transitions.

The bottom line said Cowan is that force feeding children is counter-productive. “If you want your child to eat more vegetables, let him see you eating them.”

What’s your experience transitioning yourself or your kids to healthier foods?

Source: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/alison-rose-levy/autism-and-allergies-what_b_494607.html

Autism Recipes | Free recipes for children and adults on the autism spectrum

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Michelle Slezak, a teacher’s assistant at the Eden II School for Children with Autism, says kids are taking loss of hamster hard.

By Rachel Monahan & John Lauinger | New York Daily News

It’s bad enough breaking into a school to swipe computers.

But taking the kids’ beloved class hamster also?

That’s exactly what happened on Staten Island at the Eden II School for Children with Autism, where heartless thugs broke in through a rear window over the weekend.

The kids wept and lost sleep after learning their pet hamster, Star, was stolen while still in his cage, school officials said Wednesday.

A half dozen rubber duckies were filched – and so was Skippy the Sock Puppet.

“Whoever did it was really pathetic,” the school’s executive director, Joanne Gerenser, told the Daily News. “One of the students said to me ‘I miss the sock puppet.’”

The school, in the Elm Park section, was hit for about $5,000 in electronics, including three laptops, two Nintendo Wii systems, a Microsoft Xbox and all its games, and a camera.

It was the loss of Star and Skippy that broke the hearts of preschoolers.

“When you’re stealing games and toys, you’re stealing from the kids,” she fumed.

“It spoke of someone who was worse than [a person] who just needed money.”

The NYPD is investigating the despicable heist, which took place some time after the school closed on Friday afternoon and reopened Monday.

A good Samaritan donated a hamster to the school, and staff is working to cobble together reward money.

Healing the students’ emotional wounds has been the real challenge, Gerenser said, noting that one parent said her child has had trouble sleeping.

“One of the students was now thinking that everything was going to be taken,” Gerenser said. “She was afraid to take her stuff into school.”

Source: http://www.nydailynews.com/news/ny_crime/2010/03/11/2010-03-11_school_theft_rats_even_took_hamster.html

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By Business Wire

LOS ANGELES – Robert J. Nelson of the national plaintiffs’ law firm Lieff Cabraser Heimann & Bernstein, LLP, announced that three separate families, from New York, Florida and Minnesota, have filed lawsuits seeking general and punitive damages against Toyota Motor Corporation for the wrongful deaths of their loved ones.

“The complaints charge that Toyota for years was aware that its vehicles were susceptible to sudden unintended acceleration, leading to fatal accidents,” stated plaintiffs’ counsel Robert J. Nelson. “Yet, Toyota never made any significant changes to improve the acceleration and electrical systems of its vehicles, in spite of the availability of safe and inexpensive modifications.”

Description of the Three Fatal Toyota Sudden Acceleration Accidents

Dawn Hanna, Age 26, Minnesota (Los Angeles, California accident)

Prior to her death, Dawn Hanna, from Minnesota, was in excellent physical condition. She was an active and vibrant young lady working as the Manager of Sales Development for a sports management company in Los Angeles. She was also an avid athlete and enjoyed running, hiking and other sports.

On June 19, 2009, at approximately 11:50 a.m., Dawn Hanna was the belted driver of the subject 2005 Toyota Camry. She was driving at a safe rate of speed, proceeding northbound on I-405 in Los Angeles, California, south of Sepulveda Boulevard.

The Camry suddenly accelerated and Ms. Hanna was unable to stop the vehicle as it raced out of control, weaving through traffic on the busy freeway. The Camry clipped the car in front of it, swerved to the left, and ultimately accelerated into the path of a semi-tractor trailer. The Camry became entangled with the semi, and was slammed against the median wall.

The momentum of the semi dragged the Camry against the median wall before it came to rest. Ms. Hanna suffered multiple traumatic injuries and was pronounced dead at the scene of the incident.

Jonathan Senger, Age 26, Florida

Prior to the accident that claimed the life of her son, Jonathan Senger, Lorrie Krieger of Florida complained about a sudden unintended acceleration incident to the Lexus dealership where she had purchased a 2000 Lexus GS 400. Specifically, she called Lexus of Clearwater, Florida and stated that the subject Lexus was out of control, its tires squealed, and that it was almost like the throttle was wide open.

Ms. Krieger told the Lexus dealership that the car almost killed her. It was further reported that the vehicle was racing and that the throttle was sticking. The Lexus dealership replaced the throttle body and assured her that there would be no further problems.

There were no further incidents until August 17, 2007. On that date, at approximately 1:25 p.m., Jonathan Senger was driving his mother’s vehicle, her 2000 Lexus GS 400. He was driving at a safe rate of speed, proceeding westbound on Curlew Road in Dunedin, Florida.

The Lexus suddenly accelerated at a high rate of speed and Mr. Senger was unable to stop the vehicle as it sped through the intersection of Belcher Road. The Lexus accelerated through a red light, crossed the lane into oncoming traffic, and collided head-on with a Saturn SUV that was waiting in the left hand turn lane facing eastbound on Curlew Road at the intersection of Belcher Road. As a result of the collision, Jonathan Senger, suffered multiple traumatic injuries and eventually died.

Nancy Fox, Age 41, New York

Prior to her death, Nancy Fox was a single mother raising a special needs child, her son Sean, who was diagnosed with Autism. On December 12, 2008, at approximately 5:00 p.m., Nancy Fox was the belted driver of the subject 2004 Toyota Matrix. Her five-year-old son, Sean, was in the back seat, properly strapped into his child car seat.

Ms. Fox was driving at a safe rate of speed, proceeding westbound on Route 17K in Orange County, New York. The Toyota suddenly accelerated and Ms. Fox was unable to stop the vehicle as it careened out of control — first crossing into the eastbound lane and the eastbound lane shoulder, then up on to the embankment of that lane.

The vehicle, still accelerating out of Ms. Fox’s control, then collided with a utility pole in a side swipe manner, traveled across the lawn of a residence, and overturned and collided with brush and small trees, coming to rest on the roof of the vehicle. As a result of the accident, Nancy Fox suffered multiple traumatic injuries and eventually died. Her son Sean survived the accident, but suffered injuries, including profound emotional pain from the death of his mother.

Allegations Against Toyota

The complaints charge that beginning in the late 1990s, Toyota manufactured, distributed and sold vehicles with an electronic throttle control system ( “ETC” ), including the vehicles which are the subject of each case. Unlike that of traditional throttle control systems, where a physical linkage connects the accelerator pedal to the engine throttle, in the ETC system, the engine throttle is controlled by electronic signals sent from the gas pedal to the engine throttle. A sensor at the accelerator detects how far the gas pedal is depressed and transmits that information to a computer module which controls the engine throttle.

Toyota’s ETC system fails to include a failsafe measure, known as brake-to-idle override, that is in use by other vehicle manufacturers. The brake-to-idle override instructs the ETC system to automatically reduce the engine to idle whenever the brakes are applied without success.

“The complaints charge that the lack of the brake-to-idle override failsafe in Toyota vehicles played a direct role in the deaths of each loved one,” commented Mr. Nelson.

Status of the Cases

The complaints submitted by the parents of Dawn Hanna and the mother of Jonathan Senger were filed on March 10, 2010 in federal court in Los Angeles, as two of the primary defendants, Toyota Motor North America, Inc. and Toyota Motor Sales, Inc., are both California corporations with their headquarters located in Los Angeles. The complaint submitted by the grandmother and guardian of Sean Fox was filed today in federal court in the Southern District of New York, where the plaintiff lives.

Each complaint seeks general damages as well as punitive damages against Toyota for its failure to recall its vehicles due to a known, significant safety defect and refusal to take any steps to prevent sudden unintended acceleration accidents in order to increase its profits.

Legal Resources for Drivers and Passengers Injured in Toyota Sudden Acceleration Accidents

Lieff Cabraser represents persons across America injured in accidents involving Toyota and Lexus vehicles that suddenly accelerated.

If you would like to learn more about your legal rights please visit http://www.usautoinjurylaw.com/cases/defects/acceleration/toyota-lexus.htm or call us toll free at 1-800-541-7358 and ask to speak to attorney Todd Walburg. There is no charge or obligation for our review of your case.

About Lieff Cabraser

Lieff Cabraser Heimann & Bernstein, LLP, is a sixty-plus attorney law firm that has represented plaintiffs nationwide since 1972. We have offices in San Francisco, New York, and Nashville. Lieff Cabraser has a comprehensive and diverse practice, which includes representing persons injured and families of loved ones who died in auto accidents. Since 2003, The National Law Journal has selected Lieff Cabraser as one of the top plaintiffs’ law firms in the nation. Learn more at www.lieffcabraser.com.

SOURCE: Lieff Cabraser Heimann & Bernstein, LLP

Lieff Cabraser Heimann & Bernstein, LLP
Robert J. Nelson, 415-956-1000

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